duffield



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

J. DUPFIELD.

SECURING RAILS AND GHAIRS TO'METALLIG SLEBPERS AND THE ENDS 0F RAILS TO EAGH OTHER.

No. 364,227. Patented June '7, 1 887 Wfnawar (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Shet 2.

J. DUFFIELD.

SHGURING RAILS AND CHAIRS T0 METALLIU SLBEPERS AND THE ENDS 0F RAILS TO EACH OTHER. 7

No.1364,2Z7. Pa'tented'June 7, 1887.

N. PETERS, Pbowmnugmphor. Washinglon. u. c.

'- by two keys; Fig. 5, the method applied to se- UNITED STATES PATENT OFFIcE.

JAMES IDUFFIELD, or WORKINGTON, COUNTY or CUMBERLAND, ENGLAND.

SECURING RAILS AND CHAIRS TO METALLIC SLEEPERS AND THE ENDS OF RAILS TO EACH OTHER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 364,227, dated June 7,1887.

Application filed February 12, 1886. Serial No. 191,778. (No model.) Patented in England October 30, 1885, No. 13,056.

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, J AMES DUFFIELD, acitizen of Great Britain, residing at VVorkington, in the county of Cumberland, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Securing Rails and Chairs to Metallic Sleep ers and the Endsof Rails to Each Other, and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification.

The object of this invention is to secure rails (such as railway-rails and tramway-rails) and chairs for supporting rails to metallic sleepers, and also the ends of rails to each other, without the use of fish-plates. The method of attaining these objects is shown in the accompanying sheet of drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a cross-section and side elevation of a double-head railway rail secured to a metallic sleeper by my improved method. Fig. 2 shows the system applied to flanged rails, and showing the method of connecting the ends of rails to each other; Fig. 3, a cross-section and side elevation of rail secured by one key, rib in lower positiou;'Fig. 4, the same secured furing chairs; Fig. 6, the same using only one iey. 1

Similar letters of reference indicate the same parts in any of the figures in which they occur.

In securing rails to sleepers without the use of chairs, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the metallic sleepers C may be of any ordinary type, usually made by rolling or pressing. They are provided with lugs D D, of suitable shape, either pressed out of the sleeper, as shown, or .made separately and attached thereto. The rail A is made with an inclined shoulder or pair of shoulders, B, formed by a longitudinal and continuous rib on each side of the web A, at or below the center. Said shoulders B, or those which are for the time being the effect ive shoulders on double-head rails, Fig. 1, are the lower surfaces of the ribs shown, and are in all cases parallel or substantially parallel with and opposed in short direct lines to the upper edges or extremities of said lugs D, so as to form abutments for the keys E to bear against, or for the edge of the lug D when a key is not used, as in Fig. 3. When the rail is placed on the sleeper and between the lugs D the keys E are inserted and driven in tightly. The configuration of the keys enables them to bear simultaneously on the under side of the rib 13, also on the base of the rail and against the edge and under side of the lugs D, thus forming a strong connection of rail to sleeper.

.To prevent metallic keys shaking loose, a slit, F, is made in the tapered end, (see Fig. 8,) which may be thus expanded by a chisel or wedge.

Figs. 3 and 4 show an alteration in the position of the rib B, which is there formed at the bottom of the web A, insteadof near the center.

For some purposes it is desirable to use chairs, and in order to secure them to the metallic sleepers I form a recess, G, in each lateral edge or side of the chair, so as to form abutments or shouldersv B, as well as lateral base projections for coaction with two keys E, as shown in Fig. 5, or for one key E and a lug D, as in Fig. 6. The keys are driven in and bear upon or against the various parts, as

before described; and,as a further means of securing the chairs and to prevent them moving sidewise across the sleepers, I form two lugs or stops, H, (see Fig. 5,) one on each side the seating of the chair, and so that the chair can be readily placed between them.

To secure the ends of adjacent rails to each other, as shown in Fig. 2, I prefer to use a broader sleeper, with the lugs D also made broader, so as to afford a longer bearing for the keys E. I thus dispense with fish-plates, bolts, and nuts.

I am aware that lugs pressed out of or attached to inetallicsleepers are in use, and therefore I do not claim such lugs; but

Vhat I do claim as my invention, and desire to secure by United States Letters Patent, is-

1. In combination with a metallic sleeper having a fiat seating, and on the respective sides thereof obliquely-projecting lugs, a superposed part having inclined lateral shoulders opposed to said lugs, and parallel or substantially parallel with their upper edges, and a key or keys, fitted to said edges and shoulders and interposed between them, substantially as set forth and illustrated.

- 2. The combination, substantially as herein specified, of a double-head rail having pairs of ineli nedlateral shoulders formed by central ribs on both sides of its Web, asleeper having a flat In testimony that 1 claim the foregoing as seating for the rail and on the respective sides my own I have affixed hereto my s1gnature 1n thereof obliquely-projeetinglugs substantially presence of two witnesses.

parallel with each other and a pair of keys fitted JAS. DUE-FIELD. 5 to said shoulders and lugs and interposed be- \Vitnesses:

tween them, snbstanlially as shown and do- ROBT. F. DRURY,

scribed.

i BERNARD E. DRURY. 

